"... operational risk remained the most prominent major risk type after the outbreak of Covid-19, and that disclosures of operational risk increased by 5.19% compared with the samples from before the outbreak. The drivers of operational risk also changed, with significant increases in disclosure of litigation risk, transaction modes and product and service problems as a proportion of total disclosures. In addition, two emerging operational risk drivers identified during the pandemic are data safeguarding and goodwill impairment."
"The Compliance Index is an empirically based behavioral measurement system for controlling and monitoring the effectiveness of compliance programs to mitigate compliance risk."
"The article addresses challenges for adequate risk regulation that arise primarily from the specific type of risks involved, i.e. risks to the protection of fundamental rights and fundamental societal values. They result mainly from the normative ambiguity of the fundamental rights and societal values in interpreting, specifying or operationalising them for risk assessments."
"... there is little evidence for climate-related disclosure demand. Results also suggest significant variation in costs and benefits across firms. Thus, one overarching disclosure requirement is likely inefficient."
"… our findings reveal that climate change uncertainty can trigger firms to invest more in CSR activities to hedge against future climate risks.”
"… this article introduces decision models and shows that the optimal title insurance evolves as market and property-specific conditions change. "
" We focus on German banks and measure their exposure to climate risk using CO2 emissions reported for German firms in the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). ... Overall, our approach accounts for 61.25% of the German emissions covered under the EU ETS. We document that only 19 German banks concentrate 95.88% of the total CO2 emissions in their portfolios. "
"... our findings question whether insurance rates can play a useful role in steering climate adaptation and whether households will have continued access to insurance."
"The empirical results in this research show that the classification performance of our proposed methodology is superior compared to that of a large number of traditional classifier models. We also show that our proposed methodology solves the limitation of previous bankruptcy models using textual data, as they can only make predictions for a small proportion of companies."
"Despite that some attention or self-attention based models with time-aware or feature-aware enhanced strategies have achieved better performance compared with other temporal modeling methods, such improvement is limited due to a lack of guidance from global view. To address this issue, we propose a novel end-to-end Hierarchical Global View-guided (HGV) sequence representation learning framework. "