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" We focus on German banks and measure their exposure to climate risk using CO2 emissions reported for German firms in the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). ... Overall, our approach accounts for 61.25% of the German emissions covered under the EU ETS. We document that only 19 German banks concentrate 95.88% of the total CO2 emissions in their portfolios. "
"... our findings question whether insurance rates can play a useful role in steering climate adaptation and whether households will have continued access to insurance."
"The empirical results in this research show that the classification performance of our proposed methodology is superior compared to that of a large number of traditional classifier models. We also show that our proposed methodology solves the limitation of previous bankruptcy models using textual data, as they can only make predictions for a small proportion of companies."
"Despite that some attention or self-attention based models with time-aware or feature-aware enhanced strategies have achieved better performance compared with other temporal modeling methods, such improvement is limited due to a lack of guidance from global view. To address this issue, we propose a novel end-to-end Hierarchical Global View-guided (HGV) sequence representation learning framework. "
"Dark Patterns are ubiquitous: deliberate choices in website- or app-design that exploit unobservant or irrational behavior of users, tricking them into reaching agreements or consenting with settings that are not in line with the users’ actual preferences."
"We summarize core features of a capital regime such as expected and unexpected losses, regulatory ratios and risk-weighted assets, and minimum requirements and buffers, and then consider where climate-related risk drivers may be relevant."
"This paper analyzes how governments support insurance markets to maintain insurability and limit risks to society. We propose a new conceptual framework grouping government interventions into three dimensions: regulation of risky activity, public investment in risk reduction, and co-insurance."
"This implementation in France provides a new framework for non-financial information and marks a major turning point towards greater potential responsibilities for members of the management bodies of the large corporations in question, in particular with the description of diversity policy: non-financial reporting is reviewed via an overall analysis guided by the materiality principle and genuine sustainable compliance based on a prior and relevant risk assessment."
"Using the lab, in numerical case studies, we identify two classes of measures to control systemic cyber risks: security- and topology-based interventions. We discuss the implications of our findings on selected real-world cybersecurity measures currently applied in the insurance and regulation practice or under discussion for future cyber risk control. To this end, we provide a brief overview of the current cybersecurity regulation and emphasize the role of insurance companies as private regulators."
"Our paper contributes to the theory of conditional risk measures and conditional certainty equivalents. We adopt a random modular approach which proved to be effective in the study of modular convex analysis and conditional risk measures."