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This report examines how European (re)insurers address biodiversity risks, which threaten financial stability due to their complexity and links with climate risks. Despite challenges in quantifying impacts, one in five insurers references biodiversity in their risk assessments, though mostly qualitatively. Promising practices show growing awareness, but regional variations and limited metrics hinder progress. EIOPA calls for enhanced collaboration to improve data, models, and risk management, emphasizing the need to better understand the climate-biodiversity nexus and explore nature-based solutions to address insurance gaps.

The paper delves into the intertwining of financial institutions and environmental concerns, particularly climate change and biodiversity loss. It introduces a dual framework based on 'impact' and 'risk' to explore their complex relationship. It analyzes the co-existing but sometimes opposing approaches at their interface, elucidating how finance, climate change, and biodiversity intertwine in the realm of "sustainable finance".